DESCRIPTION
A laboratory glassware assembly designed for thermal separation of liquid mixtures based on differences in boiling points. The system typically consists of a round-bottom distillation flask, a Liebig condenser, and a receiving flask, connected via ground glass joints.
The process operates on the principle of phase equilibrium and vapour-liquid separation, where a liquid mixture is heated to generate vapor, which is then condensed and collected as distillate.
Constructed from borosilicate glass (3.3), the set offers high resistance to thermal shock, chemical corrosion, and mechanical stress, making it suitable for repeated heating and cooling cycles.
KEY APPLICATIONS
Analytical laboratories: Solvent purification prior to analysis (GC, HPLC)
Quality control labs: Recovery and purification of volatile components
Petroleum and oil analysis: Distillation of hydrocarbons (ASTM methods)
Pharmaceutical labs: Solvent recovery and reagent purification
Academic/research labs: Teaching distillation principles and experimental chemistry
Food and environmental labs: Water distillation and sample preparation
COMPOSITION
Primary Material: Borosilicate Glass (SiO₂-based, low thermal expansion ~3.3 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)
Joint System: Standard ground glass joints (commonly 24/29 or 19/26)
Clips: Plastic Keck clips (polyacetal or polypropylene)
Tubing: Flexible rubber/PVC tubing for condenser water flow.
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